Mfundo ya Oligo Synthesizer
Pankhani ya kafukufuku wa mamolekyulu a biology ndi genetics, kuthekera kopanga DNA kumagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri.Kaphatikizidwe ka DNA kumaphatikizapo kupanga mamolekyu a DNA mwa kulinganiza ma nucleotide motsatira dongosolo linalake.Kuti akwaniritse izi, asayansi amadalira chida champhamvu chotchedwa oligonucleotide synthesizer, chomwe chimatchedwanso DNA synthesizer.
Oligonucleotide synthesizer ndi chida chotsogola chomwe chimangopanga mamolekyu amfupi a DNA otchedwa oligonucleotides.Tizingwe tating'ono ta DNA timeneti timakhala ndi ma nucleotide 10 mpaka 100 m'litali ndipo ndi zomangira zofunika pazantchito zosiyanasiyana kuphatikiza polymerase chain reaction (PCR), gene synthesis, genetic engineering, ndi DNA sequencing.
Oligonucleotide synthesizers amagwiritsa ntchito mfundo ya njira yotchedwaolimba-gawo kaphatikizidwe.Njira imeneyi inayamba kuchitidwa ndi katswiri wa Nobel Dr. Marvin Caruthers m'zaka za m'ma 1970 ndipo yakhala ikukonzedwanso kwa zaka zambiri kuti ipititse patsogolo kaphatikizidwe ka DNA.Kuphatikizika kwa oligonucleotide kumachitika ndikuwonjezera kwapang'onopang'ono kwa zotsalira za nucleotide ku 5'-terminus ya unyolo womwe ukukulira mpaka kutsatizana komwe kukufunika kusonkhanitsidwa.Kuphatikiza kulikonse kumatchedwa kaphatikizidwe kaphatikizidwe ndipo kumakhala ndi machitidwe anayi amankhwala:
Khwerero 1: Kutsekereza (detritylation)----------Gawo 2: Kuphatikiza---------Gawo 3: Kulemba------------Gawo 4: Oxidation
Izi zimabwerezedwa pa nucleotide iliyonse mpaka ndondomeko yomwe mukufuna ikupezeka.Kwa oligonucleotides yayitali, kuzunguliraku kungafunikire kubwerezedwa kangapo kuti apange mndandanda wonsewo. Kutha kuwongolera ndendende gawo lililonse la kaphatikizidwe kakulidwe ndikofunikira kwambiri ku oligonucleotide synthesizer.Ma reagents omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito, monga ma nucleotides ndi activator, amayenera kukhala apamwamba kwambiri kuti atsimikizire kuti kaphatikizidwe kolondola komanso koyenera.Kuphatikiza apo, ma synthesizer amafunikira kuwongolera kutentha kwapamwamba kwambiri ndi zochitika zina zachilengedwe kuti zilimbikitse zomwe zimafunikira pakulumikizana ndikupewa zomwe sizingachitike.
Oligonucleotide ikangopangidwa bwino, nthawi zambiri imadulidwa kuchokera ku chithandizo cholimba ndikuyeretsedwa kuchotsa magulu oteteza otsala kapena zonyansa.Ma oligonucleotides oyeretsedwa amakhala okonzeka kugwiritsidwa ntchito kunsi kwa mtsinje.
Kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo kwapangitsa kuti pakhale ma oligonucleotide synthesizer apamwamba kwambiri omwe amatha kupanga nthawi imodzi mazana kapena masauzande a oligonucleotides.Zidazi zimagwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wa kaphatikizidwe kakang'ono ka microarray, zomwe zimathandiza ochita kafukufuku kupanga mwachangu malaibulale akulu a oligonucleotide pazolinga zosiyanasiyana za kafukufuku.
Mwachidule, mfundo zomwe zili kumbuyo kwa oligonucleotide synthesizers zimazungulira njira zolimba za gawo, zomwe zimaphatikizapo kuwonjezera pang'onopang'ono kwa ma nucleotide pa chithandizo cholimba.Kuwongolera kolondola kwa kaphatikizidwe kakapangidwe ndi ma reagents apamwamba ndizofunikira pakuphatikiza kolondola komanso kothandiza.Oligo synthesizer amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pa kafukufuku wa DNA, zomwe zimathandiza asayansi kupanga oligonucleotides yogwiritsidwa ntchito mosiyanasiyana, zomwe zimathandizira kupita patsogolo kwa sayansi ya zamankhwala ndi kafukufuku wa majini.
Nthawi yotumiza: Aug-01-2023